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Allelopathy for weed control (Slides). Maria
Olofsdotter (****)
Definition: Allelopathy is the direct influence from a chemical released
from one living plant on development and growth of another...
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Some Introductory information about Allelopathy.
Dragonfly
Magazine(****)
Have you ever felt like you needed your own space? Sometimes we all need
to be alone. Plants and trees need to have their own space, too. How do
you get your own space? You can walk away or shut your door, but what can
plants do? They can't walk or run anywhere. Plants have a different way
of getting their own space. They use allelopathy.
Allelopathy is a chemical process that a plant uses to keep other plants
from growing too close to it. Some plants that use allelopathy are black
walnut trees, sunflowers, wormwoods, sagebrushes, and trees of heaven.
Some pine trees are allelopathic. When its needles fall onto the ground,
they begin to decompose . The soil absorbs acid from the decomposing needles.
This acid in the soil keeps unwanted plants from growing near the pine
tree...
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Overview about Allelopathy. Stephen
Pushak (***)
Various plant species have evolved competitive advantages which enable
them to grow under specialized environments such as alkaline or acidic
conditions, low light and low redox mud. Plants grow at vastly differing
rates and fast growing plants easily out compete slow growing neighbors
for light. Slow growing plants capture and hold nutrients and are able
to withstand changes in environmental conditions. This is why you are able
to grow aquatic plants which out survive algae in your aquariums. Blue
green and green water algae cannot survive low light conditions and do
not reproduce quickly under low nutrient conditions. Filament algae however,
are similar to macrophytes (large plants) and are much better adapted to
survive changes in their environment. That is one reason why it's a good
idea to try to grow plants free of filament algae by avoiding introducing
them into your aquarium in the first place. Of course, virtually all plants
which come from the fish store are contaminated by a variety of filament
algae so the only way to prevent
contamination is by doing it from day one of setting up an aquarium.
It will be beneficial if we can steer the discussion away from allelopathy
and onto competitive effects which are MUCH more important. By the way,
one term for referring to plants growing cooperatively is
"synergistic"...
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Allelopathy in the Next Millennium .
International Allelopathy Foundation (**)
It is a new science, which indicates inhibitory or stimulatory biochemical
interactions between the two plant spp. Prof. Hans Molisch, a German Plant
Physiologist coined this term in 1937. Thereafter Worldwide, a lot of allelopathic
research was conducted in various fields of Agricultural and Biological
Sciences. Hence, International Allelopathy Society in 1996 broadened its
definition to Allelopathy refers to any process involving secondary metabolites
produced by plants, microorganisms, viruses and fungi that influence the
growth and development of Agricultural and Biological Systems.
In the next Millennium, Worldwide there will be increase in demand
for better quality food and in large quantity due to increased human population.
Therefore, for Sustainability of Agriculture, we need to minimize use of
present pesticides (Weedicides, insecticides, nematicides, fungicides)
in crop production through use of allelopathic strategies for pests management.
The present pesticides used for control of agricultural pests have caused
many problems, viz., development of resistance in organisms, environmental
pollution, toxicity related health hazards in humans and livestock. Studies
have shown a great potential of allelochemicals in pests control, thereby,
these may minimize or eliminate the use of present pesticides.
Besides, allelopathy has many applications in agroecosystems and thus
provides basis to Sustainable Agriculture. Therefore, it is priority area
of multidisciplinary research in developed Countries and currently research
is being conducted in most Countries of the World. To provide clean environment
to our future generations, to avoid health hazards in human and livestock
and for sustainability of agriculture, adoption of allelopathic strategies
in farming are essential.
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